Ungakhetha Kanjani Phakathi Kwamafutha Ezimoto Okwenziwa Nejwayelekile

Amafutha Ajwayelekile E-Premium:Lawa amafutha emoto entsha ajwayelekile.Yonke imikhiqizo ehamba phambili inalawa mafutha, atholakala kuma-viscosities ambalwa futhi ahlolwe ngaphansi kwezinga lesevisi ye-API yakamuva.Abakhiqizi bezimoto bavamise ukucacisa uwoyela ongu-5W-20 noma u-5W-30 wamazinga okushisa abandayo, namafutha angu-10W-30 njengokuzikhethela kumazinga okushisa aphezulu.Lezi zilinganiso ezintathu zihlanganisa izimoto eziningi ezisebenza kalula emgwaqeni.Okubaluleke nakakhulu, nokho, ukushintsha uwoyela nesihlungi njalo.Sincoma ukuthi uguqule uwoyela wakho njalo ngamamayela angu-4,000 noma izinyanga ezine.Ubuncane obuphelele buphindwe kabili ngonyaka.Uma imoto yakho inesikhombi sokushintsha uwoyela nge-elekthronikhi kuqoqo lensimbi yayo, landela isiqondiso sayo futhi uqiniseke ukuthi uyisetha kabusha uma ukushintsha uwoyela sekuqediwe.

Amafutha Okwenziwa Aphelele:Amafutha enzelwe izinjini zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-heavy duty, kungaba i-Ford F-150 edonsa njalo noma i-Chevrolet Corvette enenjini yakamuva ye-LS eshajwe kakhulu, agcwele izithasiselo zokwenziwa.Lawa malebula kawoyela akhombisa ukuthi aphumelele yini ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okuphakeme, okuhlala isikhathi eside kuzo zonke izindawo ezibucayi, kusukela kunkomba ye-viscosity kuya ekuvikelweni kumadiphozithi.Zigeleza kangcono emazingeni okushisa aphansi futhi zigcina i-viscosity ephezulu emazingeni okushisa aphezulu.Pho, kungani kungafanele wonke umuntu azisebenzise?Lawa mafutha ayabiza futhi akuzona zonke izinjini eziwadingayo.Kungase kube nezinye izici ezidingwa yinjini yakho amafutha okwenziwa angenazo.Nakulokhu, landela isiqondiso semanuwali yomnikazi wakho.

Amafutha Okwenziwa Kwenhlanganisela:
Lawa anomthamo wamafutha okwenziwa axutshwe namafutha emvelo, futhi akhiwe ukuze anikeze ukuvikeleka komthwalo osindayo wenjini namazinga okushisa aphezulu.Lokhu ngokuvamile kusho ukuthi aziguquguquki kancane, ngakho ahwamuka kancane kakhulu, okunciphisa ukulahleka kukawoyela futhi kwenyuse ukonga kukaphethiloli.Lawa mafutha athandwa kakhulu ngabashayeli bama-pickup noma ama-SUV abafuna ukuvikeleka okwengeziwe emisebenzini ebeka ingcindezi eyengeziwe enjinini, njengokudonsa imithwalo esindayo.Abuye angabizi kakhulu kunama-synthetics agcwele-ngezinye izikhathi amapeni nje ngaphezu kwamafutha avamile we-premium.

I-Higher-Mileage Amafutha:Izimoto zanamuhla zimane zihlala isikhathi eside.Uma ukhetha ukukhokha imoto yakho bese ugijima ibanga elihamba kahle phakathi kwezibalo eziyisithupha, unokunye ukukhetha kukawoyela:, uwoyela owakhelwe ezimotweni ezihamba ibanga elide.Cishe izingxenye ezimbili kwezintathu zezimoto emgwaqeni zinamakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-75,000 ku-odometer.Ngakho-ke, izinkampani zikawoyela zihlonze lokhu njengendawo ethakaselwa amakhasimende, futhi zinowoyela omusha eziwancomayo kulezi zimoto.

Uma imoto yakho isindala futhi inamakhilomitha amaningi kakhulu, ungase ubone amabala ambalwa kawoyela phansi egaraji.Izigxivizo zenjini ezifana nalezo eziseduze kwe-crankshaft kungenzeka ukuthi ziye zaqina futhi zalahlekelwa ukuguquguquka kwazo, ngakho ziyavuza futhi zingaqhekeka, ikakhulukazi emazingeni okushisa aphansi.Kuzodingeka uhlole amazinga akho kawoyela kaningi futhi ungase udinge ukugcwalisa uwoyela wakho phakathi nokushintsha kwamafutha.

Amafutha ane-mileage ephakeme akhiwe ngezifudumezi ezigeleza ezimbotsheni zama-seal enjini ukuze abuyisele isimo sawo futhi andise ukuguquguquka kwawo.Izigxivizo eziningi zenjoloba zenzelwe ukuthi zivuvuke ngokwanele ukumisa ukuvuza, futhi abacwengi bamafutha bakhetha izithako zabo "ezivuvukalayo" ngokucophelela.I-Valvoline isibonise idatha yokusebenza yeyodwa yama-seal conditioner abo abangele ukuthi izinto eziningi zokufaka uphawu zikhukhumale ngenkathi yehlisa ukuvuvuka kwento eyodwa yophawu okwakuvame ukwanda kakhulu ezithakweni ezitholakala kwamanye amafutha enjini.

Kungenzeka futhi ukuthi uqaphele ukulahleka okuthile kokusebenza kanye nokushelela kwenjini ngenxa yokugqoka kwenjini emotweni yakho yebanga eliphakeme.Lawa mafutha ane-mileage ephakeme nawo anama-viscosity aphezulu.Ngisho noma izinombolo eziku-container zingakubonisi, kunobubanzi obubanzi ngokwesilinganiso se-viscosity ngayinye futhi amafutha amakhilomitha aphezulu ahlala phezulu kububanzi ngalunye.Bangase futhi babe nezithasiselo zokuthuthukisa inkomba yabo ye-viscosity.Umphumela?Zivala ama-pistons akho kangcono ezindongeni zamasilinda futhi ngeke zivuze kakhulu ngezimvume zenjini ezinkulu eziguge ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.Bangase futhi babe nethamo eliphezulu lezithasiselo ze-antiwear ukuzama ukunciphisa leyo nqubo yokugqokwa.

Uma unemoto endala, lezi zici zingase zisho lukhulu kuwena kunalokho ongakuthola kokwenziwa ngokuphelele ngenani elincane.

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Ukumelana nowoyela ekuncipheni emazingeni okushisa ashisayo kubizwa ngokuthi inkomba ye-viscosity.Nakuba inombolo yesibili ephakeme iyinhle, uwoyela nawo kufanele uqine, uhlale izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha kuze kube yilapho kushintshwa uwoyela olandelayo.Uwoyela uvamise ukulahlekelwa i-viscosity kusuka ku-shear, okuwukunyakaza okushelelayo ezindaweni eziqinile phakathi kwezindawo zensimbi, njengalezo ezitholakala kumabheringi.Ngakho-ke, ukumelana nokulahlekelwa kwe-viscosity-okubizwa ngokuthi ukuzinza kwe-shear-kuyadingeka ukuze uwoyela ukwazi ukugcina ifilimu yokugcoba phakathi kwalezo zingxenye.

Ngokungafani ne-antifreeze, amaphesenti angu-95 awo akhiwe ikhemikhali elilodwa lesisekelo (ngokuvamile i-ethylene glycol), uwoyela wenjini esekelwe ku-petroleum unengxube yezinhlobo eziningana zamafutha ayisisekelo—amanye awo abiza kakhulu kunamanye.Izinkampani zikawoyela zivame ukukhetha emaqenjini amahlanu akhethiwe, ngalinye likhiqizwa ngendlela ehlukile nangama-viscosity ahlukene.Amaqembu abiza kakhulu acutshungulwa kakhulu, kwezinye izimo nezindlela ezikhiqiza okokugcoba okungahlukaniswa ngokuthi okokwenziwa.Okubizwa ngokuthi ama-synthetics aphelele aqukethe amakhemikhali angase athathwe ku-petroleum kodwa ashintshwe kangangokuthi awasabhekwa njengowoyela wemvelo.Isibonelo, inhlanganisela yangokwezifiso eyodwa iqukethe amaphesenti angu-10 e-polyalphaolefins (PAO), okuwuhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwamakhemikhali olusetshenziswa njengesithako esiyinhloko kuwoyela wokwenziwa ogcwele.

Iphakheji ye-base yamafutha kunoma yikuphi uwoyela yenza noma yikuphi kusuka kumaphesenti angama-70 kuya kwangu-95 wengxube;kanti okunye kwakhiwe izithasiselo.Amafutha anamaphesenti angama-70 nje amafutha ayisisekelo awangcono kakhulu kunowoyela ongamaphesenti angama-95.Amanye amafutha ayisisekelo anezici zemvelo noma lawo atholakala ekusetshenzisweni kwawo, okunciphisa noma aqede isidingo sezithasiselo.Nakuba ezinye izithasiselo zenza ngcono ukuthambisa, azinakho ukuthambisa okukhulu ngokwazo.

Izithako zephakeji lezengezo ziyahluka ngezindleko, kodwa intengo iyisici esisodwa nje.Ezinye izithasiselo zisebenza kangcono ezinhlanganisela ezithile zamafutha ayisisekelo.Ngokunjalo, amanye amafutha esisekelo angabizi kakhulu ayisinqumo esihle senhlanganisela ngenxa yendlela asebenza ngayo ngezithasiselo ezidumile.Okubalulekile: Wonke amafutha emoto aneresiphi.Abacwengi beza nohlu lwezinjongo ezisekelwe ezidingweni zamakhasimende abo (okuhlanganisa nabakhi bezimoto ngokwabo) futhi bakhe uwoyela ukuhlangabezana naleyo migomo ngokusemandleni abo.

Ukugcina uwoyela ungancipha njengoba ushisa ngesikhathi injini ishaya kancane, kodwa kubalulekile futhi ukuthi uwoyela ungajiyeki kakhulu.Ukusebenzisa uwoyela wesisekelo se-premium ongaguquki kancane ukuvimbela ukuhwamuka kuyindlela eyodwa.Ukuhwamuka kwephakeji likawoyela wesisekelo akukhulisi ukusetshenziswa kukawoyela kuphela—kuphumela kuwoyela omkhulu, okwehlisa ukonga kukawoyela.

Izengezo zikawoyela

Ukusebenzisa kwezinkampani zikawoyela izithasiselo kungenye indlela yokuthuthukisa nokugcina ukusebenza kukawoyela.Amazinga okushisa enjini aphezulu ahlangana nomswakama, izinto ezivuthayo (ezifana nophethiloli ongashi), ukugqwala, ukugqwala, izinhlayiya ezigqokwa yinjini nomoya-mpilo ukuze kukhiqizwe udaka nevanishi, okungase kushise futhi kulimaze injini.Izithasiselo zisiza ukugcina ukuthambisa okuhle ngokunciphisa udaka ne-varnish.Nazi izigaba eziyinhloko zezithako ezingeziwe nokuthi kungani zibalulekile:

• Izithuthukisi zenkomba ye-viscosity:Lokhu kunciphisa ukuthambekela kwamafutha ekubeni mncane njengoba izinga lokushisa likhuphuka.
• Izinto zokuhlanza: Ngokungafani nohlobo olusebenzisayo ukuwasha izingubo, okokuhlanza okusemafutheni akuzikhuhli izingxenye zenjini.Bayawasusa amadiphozithi athile—ikakhulukazi okuqinile.Kodwa-ke, injongo yazo enkulu ukugcina izindawo zihlanzekile ngokuvimbela ukwakheka kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukugqwala, nokugqwala.

• Izisabalalisi:Lezi zihlakaza izinhlayiya eziqinile ngokuzigcina esixazululo ukuze zingahlangani zenze udaka, ukuvanisha noma ama-asidi.Ezinye izithasiselo zisebenza kokubili njengama-detergents nama-dispersants.

• Ama-Antiwear:Ngezinye izikhathi ifilimu yokugcoba eyenziwe ngamafutha iyaphuka, ngakho-ke ama-antiwear agents kufanele avikele izindawo zensimbi.Inhlanganisela ye-zinc ne-phosphorus ebizwa ngokuthi i-ZDDP iyintandokazi eyasetshenziswa isikhathi eside, kanye nezinye izinhlanganisela ze-phosphorus (nesulphur).Uma kufanele wazi, i-ZDDP imele i-zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.

• Izilungisi zefriction:Lezi azifani nama-antiwear agents.Banciphisa ukungqubuzana kwenjini futhi ngaleyo ndlela, bangathuthukisa ukonga kukaphethiloli.I-graphite, i-molybdenum nezinye izinhlanganisela zisetshenziselwa lokhu.

• Ama-depressants we-Pour-point:Ngenxa yokuthi isilinganiso se-viscosity esingu-0 degrees Fahrenheit siphansi akusho ukuthi uwoyela uzogeleza kalula emazingeni okushisa aphansi.Amafutha aqukethe izinhlayiya ze-wax ezikwazi ukujiya futhi zinciphise ukugeleza, ngakho lezi zithasiselo zisetshenziselwa ukuyigcina igeleza emakhazeni.

Ama-Antioxidants:Ngemithethonqubo yokukhipha igesi eqinile eholela ekushiseni okuphezulu kwenjini, ama-antioxidants ayadingeka ukuvimbela i-oxidation eyenza uwoyela ujiye.Ezinye izithasiselo ezenza eminye imisebenzi nazo zifeza le njongo, njengama-antiwear agents.

• Ama-Foam inhibitors:I-crankshaft eshaya uwoyela epanini likawoyela yenza uwoyela ukhihlize igwebu.Igwebu likawoyela alilona i-lubricant esebenzayo njengomfudlana owuketshezi, ngakho uwoyela une-foam inhibitor edala ukuthi amabhamuza egwebu awele.

• Ama-rust noma ama-corrosion inhibitors:Lezi zivikela izingxenye zensimbi kuma-acids kanye nomswakama.

Okuningi Akungcono

Ngeke ukwazi ukuthuthukisa uwoyela ngokufaka izithasiselo ezengeziwe.Eqinisweni, ungenza izinto zibe zimbi nakakhulu.Isibonelo, izinhlanganisela zesulfure zinezici ze-antiwear kanye ne-antioxidation, kodwa zinganciphisa ukonga kukaphethiloli futhi zinciphise ukusebenza kahle kwesiguquli sakho se-catalytic.I-dispersant eningi kakhulu ingaphazamisa ukusebenza kwe-catalyst futhi yehlise ukonga kukaphethiloli.Izithako zokugqoka kanye nezinciphisa ukungqubuzana nazo zingase zibe nezithako ezingase zibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwe-catalyst, njengesibabule, izinkampani ezicindezelwa ukuthi zisebenzise kancane.Ukwengeza izihlanzi eziningi kakhulu kungase kuthinte izici ze-antiwear.

Ungakhohlwa Isihlungi

Izihlungi zikawoyela zihluke ngokuphelele, nakuba zihlobene, isihloko uma kuziwa ekushintsheni uwoyela wakho.Futhi, kuhlala kuhle kakhulu ukuthi ubheke imanuwali yomnikazi wakho ngohlobo lwesihlungi esidingekayo.Ezinye izihlungi ze-aftermarket zikhudlwana, ngakho qiniseka ukuthi unamafutha engeziwe uma usebenzisa eyodwa.


Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-21-2022